Linux - L2
Linux is an open-source operating system known for its security, stability, and flexibility. It is used on computers, servers, and even mobile devices. Unlike Windows or macOS, Linux is free and comes in different versions called distributions, like Ubuntu and Fedora. It is popular among developers and businesses because it is customizable and reliable. Many websites, apps, and cloud services run on Linux due to its strong performance.
Linux is a popular operating system for PC users all over the world It is an independent portable operating system.
It is a multitasking Operating System and it includes virtual memory shared library, memory management, TCP/IP networking features, and also includes features of a commercial OS.
Linux distribution is an operating system that is made up of a collection of software based on the Linux Kernel or you can say distribution contains the Linux Kernel and software supporting libraries.
Kernel:
The kernel is the core of the Linux-based operating system. It virtualizes the common hardware resources of the computer to provide each process with its virtual resources. This makes the process the same as if it is the sole process running on the machine. the kernel is also responsible for preventing and mediating conflicts between different processes.
Types of kernels:
Monolithic kernel Hybrid Karnal Microkernel
System library:
It is the special types of function that are used to implement the functionality of the operating system.
Shell: It is an interface to the kernel which hides the complexity of the kernel function from the user. it takes commands from the user and executes the kernel functions.
Hardware Layer: This layer consists of all peripheral devices like RAM, HDD, CPU, etc.